Evidence from laboratory rearing experiments measuring adult emergence timing and genome-wide DNA-sequencing surveys supported allochronic speciation between summer-fruiting Vaccinium spp.-infesting Rhagoletis mendax and its hypothesized and undescribed sister taxon infesting autumn-fruiting sparkleberries. Throughout this radiation, shifts to novel hosts are associated with changes in diapause life history timing, which act as "magic traits" generating allochronic reproductive isolation and facilitating speciation-with-gene-flow. Here, we demonstrate such a scenario in a recent adaptive radiation of Rhagoletis fruit flies, specialized on different host plants. However, as niches are filled during adaptive radiations, trait divergence driving reproductive isolation between sister taxa may also result in trait convergence with more distantly related taxa, increasing the potential for reticulated gene flow across the radiation. Design Heuristics: A Tool for Innovation in Product Design Colleen Seifert, Richard Gonzalez, Shanna R.Divergent adaptation to new ecological opportunities can be an important factor initiating speciation. Enhancing Design Intuition Jeffrey Hartley 24. Eye-tracking Aids in Understanding Consumer Product Design Evaluations Ping Du and Erin MacDonald 23. Ergonomic Design and Choice Overload Matteo Visentin, Samuel Franssens, and Simona Botti 21. Concealed but Felt: Change Blindness and the Evaluative Consequences of Dynamic Transference James A. Good Aesthetics is Great Business: Do We Know Why? Ravi Chitturi 19. Aesthetic Principles in Product Design and Cognitive Appraisals: Predicting Emotional Responses to Beauty Minu Kumar 18. Processing Fluency of Product Design: Cognitive and Affective Routes to Aesthetic Preferences Jan Landwehr 17. The Inherent Primacy of Aesthetic Attribute Processing Claudia Townsend and Sanjay Sood 16. Designing for Experience Bernd Schmitt Part 3: Underlying Processes 15. The Aesthetics of Brand Name Design: Form, Fit, Fluency, and Phonetics Sarah Roche, L. Cuteness, Nurturance, and Implications for Visual Product Designs He (Michael) Jia, Gratiana Pol, and C.W. How Consumers Respond to Cute Products TingTing Wang and Anirban Mukhopadhyay 12. Dominant Designs: The Role of Product Face-Ratios and Anthropomorphism on Personality Traits and Consumer Preferences Ahreum Maeng and Pankaj Aggarwal 11.
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How to Design Logos to Increase Brand Equity Antonios Stamatogiannakis, Jonathan Luffarelli, and Haiyang Yang 10. Effects of Design Symmetry on Consumer Perceptions of Brand Personality Aditi Bajaj and Samuel Bond 9. Curvature from All Angles: A Review and Implications for Product Design Tanuka Ghoshal, Peter Boatwright, and Malika M. Color Design and Purchase Price: How Vehicle Colors Affect What Consumers Pay to New and Used Cars Keiko I. Blue-washing the Green Halo: How Colors Color Ethical Judgments Aparna Sundar and James J. Sensory Imagery for Design Aradhna Krishna Part 2: Designing Product Features 5. The Conceptual Effects of Verticality in Design Luca Cian 4. The building blocks of design: Conceptual scaffolding as an organizing framework for design Lawrence E. Implications of Haptic Experience for Product and Environmental Design Joshua Ackerman 2. Each chapter concludes with Implications for a theory of design as well as for designers. Importantly, the primary focus of these chapters is not on product design that creates functional value for the targeted consumer, but rather on how design can create the kind of emotional, experiential, hedonic, and sensory appeal that results in attracting consumers. They cover relevant areas such as embodied cognition, processing fluency, experiential marketing, sensory marketing, visual aesthetics, and other research streams related to the impact of design on consumers. The chapters in this edited book bring together organizing frameworks and reviews of the relevant literatures from many of these contributing disciplines, along with recent empirical work. While researchers and practitioners in all of these fields seek to learn more about how and why "good" design works its magic, they may benefit from each other’s work. In addition, design is inherently interdisciplinary, involving (among others) important elements of aesthetics, anthropology, brand strategy, creativity, design science, engineering, graphic design, industrial design, marketing, material science, product design, and several areas within psychology.
However, the psychological processes involved are only partially understood. Design plays an increasingly larger role today in creating consumer desire for products and liking for commercial messages.
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